Main results
Hosted by the Slovenian presidency of the Council in Brdo pri Kranju, the EU-Western Balkans summit brought together leaders from:
- EU member states
- the six Western Balkans partners: Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Serbia, Montenegro, the Republic of North Macedonia and Kosovo*
Charles Michel, President of the European Council, chaired the summit. President Michel and Ursula von der Leyen, President of the European Commission, represented the EU.
- Remarks by President Charles Michel after the EU-Western Balkans summit in Brdo pri Kranju, Slovenia
During the summit, EU leaders adopted a declaration, with which the Western Balkans leaders have aligned themselves.
The declaration reaffirms the EU’s unequivocal support for the European perspective of the Western Balkans. It sets out initiatives to support connectivity and the green and digital transitions in the region, and commitments in the area of political and security cooperation.
The declaration also refers to a range of concrete deliverables benefiting the Western Balkans, including:
- the €30 billion Economic and Investment Plan (EIP)
- the pledge to boost COVID-19 vaccination rates
- the path towards lower roaming costs
- an Innovation Agenda for the Western Balkans
- Green Lanes and Transport Community Action Plans
European perspective
The leaders reaffirmed their unequivocal support for the European perspective of the Western Balkans, which is of mutual strategic interest and remains a shared strategic choice.
The EU reconfirmed its commitment to the enlargement process and relevant decisions taken, based upon credible reforms by partners, fair and rigorous conditionality and the principle of own merits.
EU leaders also recalled the importance for the EU of being able to maintain and deepen its own development, ensuring its capacity to integrate new members.
The Western Balkans partners reiterated their dedication to European values and principles and to carrying out necessary reforms in the interest of their people.
Infographic – COVID-19: over €3.3 billion support for the Western Balkans
COVID-19 response
The leaders recalled that through their close and effective partnership with the EU, the Western Balkans have been closely involved in a number of EU initiatives to combat the pandemic.
EU leaders committed to further improving partners’ access to vaccines, diagnostics and therapeutics. They pledged to help all Western Balkans partners reach similar vaccination rates to the EU average by the end of 2021.
Ahead of the summit, the EU and its member states had already provided 2.9 million vaccine doses to the region, in addition to health and socio-economic support totalling an unprecedented €3.3 billion.
- Team Europe: €34 billion disbursed so far to tackle COVID-19 in partner countries (European Commission)
- EU’s international solidarity during the COVID-19 pandemic (background information)
Infographic – EU Economic and Investment Plan: unprecedented support for the Western Balkans
A €30 billion Economic and Investment Plan (EIP)
The EU is the Western Balkans’ main political, economic and trade partner. Through the EIP, the EU is now providing unprecedented financial support mobilising some €30 billion for the region over the next seven years.
The EU will provide €9 billion worth of grant funding through 10 investment flagships. In this way the EIP aims to:
- spur long-term economic recovery
- accelerate a green and digital transition
- support regional cooperation
- foster convergence with the EU
The EIP will also help attract public and private investments, backed by the Western Balkan Guarantee Facility, which has a potential to mobilise €20 billion.
- Infographic – The EU: main trade partner and investor for the Western Balkans
- Factsheet – Economic and Investment Plan for the Western Balkans (European Commission)
- Commission Communication: An Economic and Investment Plan for the Western Balkans (European Commission)
A shared responsibility
The EIP investments are meant to be a driver for positive change for the Western Balkans. However, this will only be sustainable through a joint effort by all sides.
The EU support is therefore linked to tangible progress on the rule of law, socio-economic reforms and adherence to European values, rules and standards.
Connectivity, integration, green and digital transitions
The EIP will be complemented by a range of new initiatives to support the green and digital transitions, regional integration, and connectivity as well as social and economic recovery.
The leaders welcomed the agreement on the action plan for the Green Agenda, which will be a key driver for the transition to modern, carbon-neutral, climate-resilient and resource-efficient economies.
The EU will continue to support inclusive regional cooperation.
The leaders agreed to step up efforts to enhance the market integration of the Western Balkans with the EU Single Market, including SEPA (Single Euro Payments Area).
They welcomed the roadmap for roaming, which will chart the course for lower roaming costs between the EU and the Western Balkans, building on the free roaming regime applicable in the region since 1 July.
The leaders also welcomed the concept of EU-Western Balkans Green Lanes to reduce border waiting times, and the recently endorsed Transport Community Action Plans for smart transport and sustainable connectivity.
They also launched an Innovation Agenda for the Western Balkans to promote excellence and opportunities in the areas of innovation, research, education, culture, youth and sport.
Political and security cooperation
EU leaders noted that standing together with the EU was a clear sign of the Western Balkans partners’ strategic orientation. This should be reflected through the full alignment with EU foreign policy positions.
We re-assert our expectation that partners will further deepen cooperation in the area of Common Foreign and Security Policy (CFSP) and make tangible and sustainable progress towards full alignment with EU foreign policy positions and act accordingly, including with positions in international fora as an important part of their European path.
Brdo declaration
With the EU and the Western Balkans facing numerous common security challenges, the leaders agreed to strengthen their cooperation on:
- contributing to EU security missions and operations
- addressing disinformation and other hybrid threats
- enhancing cyber security and cyber diplomacy
- fighting against terrorism, radicalisation and organised crime
- combating money laundering and human and drug trafficking
- responding to developments in Afghanistan
The EU also expressed its readiness to strengthen its support for Western Balkans partners in addressing migratory challenges. The focus should be on the improvement of asylum systems, tackling migrant smuggling and illegal migration, returns processes, border management, information exchange, and reception capacity.
Regular summits
To reflect the importance of the close relationship between the EU and the Western Balkans, the leaders decided to regularly hold EU-Western Balkans summits, with the next one planned for 2022.
Informal European Council
On 5 October, on the eve of the summit, President Michel invited EU leaders to discuss the EU’s role in the world. They recalled that the EU is a staunch supporter of multilateralism and a defender of a rules-based international order. They debated the following topics:
- working with allies and like-minded partners, in particular the US and NATO
- strengthening the EU’s resilience by reducing its critical dependencies
- increasing the EU’s capacity to act autonomously as an economic power, as well as in the area of security and defence
- pursue the EU’s own interests, in particular vis-à-vis China, which is considered as a competitor, a partner and a systemic rival
Background information
The summit was part of the implementation of the European Council’s 2019-2024 Strategic Agenda.
EU-Western Balkans relations
EU relations with individual Western Balkans partners
- Factograph Albania
- Factograph Bosnia and Herzegovina
- Factograph Kosovo*
- Factograph Montenegro
- Factograph Republic of North Macedonia
- Factograph Serbia
(all factographs produced by the European Commission)
Previous summits
The last EU-Western Balkans summit, in 2020, was held in virtual format owing to the COVID-19 pandemic. It was hosted by the Croatian Presidency of the Council.
The previous in-person summit between EU and Western Balkans leaders was hosted in Sofia in 2018 by the Bulgarian Presidency of the Council.
* This designation is without prejudice to positions on status, and is in line with UNSCR 1244/1999 and the ICJ opinion on the Kosovo declaration of independence.
